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+/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ *
+ * libpq-fe.h
+ * This file contains definitions for structures and
+ * externs for functions used by frontend postgres applications.
+ *
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2011, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
+ * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
+ *
+ * src/interfaces/libpq/libpq-fe.h
+ *
+ *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ */
+
+#ifndef LIBPQ_FE_H
+#define LIBPQ_FE_H
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C"
+{
+#endif
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+/*
+ * postgres_ext.h defines the backend's externally visible types,
+ * such as Oid.
+ */
+#include "postgres_ext.h"
+
+/*
+ * Option flags for PQcopyResult
+ */
+#define PG_COPYRES_ATTRS 0x01
+#define PG_COPYRES_TUPLES 0x02 /* Implies PG_COPYRES_ATTRS */
+#define PG_COPYRES_EVENTS 0x04
+#define PG_COPYRES_NOTICEHOOKS 0x08
+
+/* Application-visible enum types */
+
+typedef enum
+{
+ /*
+ * Although it is okay to add to this list, values which become unused
+ * should never be removed, nor should constants be redefined - that would
+ * break compatibility with existing code.
+ */
+ CONNECTION_OK,
+ CONNECTION_BAD,
+ /* Non-blocking mode only below here */
+
+ /*
+ * The existence of these should never be relied upon - they should only
+ * be used for user feedback or similar purposes.
+ */
+ CONNECTION_STARTED, /* Waiting for connection to be made. */
+ CONNECTION_MADE, /* Connection OK; waiting to send. */
+ CONNECTION_AWAITING_RESPONSE, /* Waiting for a response from the
+ * postmaster. */
+ CONNECTION_AUTH_OK, /* Received authentication; waiting for
+ * backend startup. */
+ CONNECTION_SETENV, /* Negotiating environment. */
+ CONNECTION_SSL_STARTUP, /* Negotiating SSL. */
+ CONNECTION_NEEDED /* Internal state: connect() needed */
+} ConnStatusType;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+ PGRES_POLLING_FAILED = 0,
+ PGRES_POLLING_READING, /* These two indicate that one may */
+ PGRES_POLLING_WRITING, /* use select before polling again. */
+ PGRES_POLLING_OK,
+ PGRES_POLLING_ACTIVE /* unused; keep for awhile for backwards
+ * compatibility */
+} PostgresPollingStatusType;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+ PGRES_EMPTY_QUERY = 0, /* empty query string was executed */
+ PGRES_COMMAND_OK, /* a query command that doesn't return
+ * anything was executed properly by the
+ * backend */
+ PGRES_TUPLES_OK, /* a query command that returns tuples was
+ * executed properly by the backend, PGresult
+ * contains the result tuples */
+ PGRES_COPY_OUT, /* Copy Out data transfer in progress */
+ PGRES_COPY_IN, /* Copy In data transfer in progress */
+ PGRES_BAD_RESPONSE, /* an unexpected response was recv'd from the
+ * backend */
+ PGRES_NONFATAL_ERROR, /* notice or warning message */
+ PGRES_FATAL_ERROR, /* query failed */
+ PGRES_COPY_BOTH /* Copy In/Out data transfer in progress */
+} ExecStatusType;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+ PQTRANS_IDLE, /* connection idle */
+ PQTRANS_ACTIVE, /* command in progress */
+ PQTRANS_INTRANS, /* idle, within transaction block */
+ PQTRANS_INERROR, /* idle, within failed transaction */
+ PQTRANS_UNKNOWN /* cannot determine status */
+} PGTransactionStatusType;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+ PQERRORS_TERSE, /* single-line error messages */
+ PQERRORS_DEFAULT, /* recommended style */
+ PQERRORS_VERBOSE /* all the facts, ma'am */
+} PGVerbosity;
+
+typedef enum
+{
+ PQPING_OK, /* server is accepting connections */
+ PQPING_REJECT, /* server is alive but rejecting connections */
+ PQPING_NO_RESPONSE, /* could not establish connection */
+ PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT /* connection not attempted (bad params) */
+} PGPing;
+
+/* PGconn encapsulates a connection to the backend.
+ * The contents of this struct are not supposed to be known to applications.
+ */
+typedef struct pg_conn PGconn;
+
+/* PGresult encapsulates the result of a query (or more precisely, of a single
+ * SQL command --- a query string given to PQsendQuery can contain multiple
+ * commands and thus return multiple PGresult objects).
+ * The contents of this struct are not supposed to be known to applications.
+ */
+typedef struct pg_result PGresult;
+
+/* PGcancel encapsulates the information needed to cancel a running
+ * query on an existing connection.
+ * The contents of this struct are not supposed to be known to applications.
+ */
+typedef struct pg_cancel PGcancel;
+
+/* PGnotify represents the occurrence of a NOTIFY message.
+ * Ideally this would be an opaque typedef, but it's so simple that it's
+ * unlikely to change.
+ * NOTE: in Postgres 6.4 and later, the be_pid is the notifying backend's,
+ * whereas in earlier versions it was always your own backend's PID.
+ */
+typedef struct pgNotify
+{
+ char *relname; /* notification condition name */
+ int be_pid; /* process ID of notifying server process */
+ char *extra; /* notification parameter */
+ /* Fields below here are private to libpq; apps should not use 'em */
+ struct pgNotify *next; /* list link */
+} PGnotify;
+
+/* Function types for notice-handling callbacks */
+typedef void (*PQnoticeReceiver) (void *arg, const PGresult *res);
+typedef void (*PQnoticeProcessor) (void *arg, const char *message);
+
+/* Print options for PQprint() */
+typedef char pqbool;
+
+typedef struct _PQprintOpt
+{
+ pqbool header; /* print output field headings and row count */
+ pqbool align; /* fill align the fields */
+ pqbool standard; /* old brain dead format */
+ pqbool html3; /* output html tables */
+ pqbool expanded; /* expand tables */
+ pqbool pager; /* use pager for output if needed */
+ char *fieldSep; /* field separator */
+ char *tableOpt; /* insert to HTML <table ...> */
+ char *caption; /* HTML <caption> */
+ char **fieldName; /* null terminated array of replacement field
+ * names */
+} PQprintOpt;
+
+/* ----------------
+ * Structure for the conninfo parameter definitions returned by PQconndefaults
+ * or PQconninfoParse.
+ *
+ * All fields except "val" point at static strings which must not be altered.
+ * "val" is either NULL or a malloc'd current-value string. PQconninfoFree()
+ * will release both the val strings and the PQconninfoOption array itself.
+ * ----------------
+ */
+typedef struct _PQconninfoOption
+{
+ char *keyword; /* The keyword of the option */
+ char *envvar; /* Fallback environment variable name */
+ char *compiled; /* Fallback compiled in default value */
+ char *val; /* Option's current value, or NULL */
+ char *label; /* Label for field in connect dialog */
+ char *dispchar; /* Indicates how to display this field in a
+ * connect dialog. Values are: "" Display
+ * entered value as is "*" Password field -
+ * hide value "D" Debug option - don't show
+ * by default */
+ int dispsize; /* Field size in characters for dialog */
+} PQconninfoOption;
+
+/* ----------------
+ * PQArgBlock -- structure for PQfn() arguments
+ * ----------------
+ */
+typedef struct
+{
+ int len;
+ int isint;
+ union
+ {
+ int *ptr; /* can't use void (dec compiler barfs) */
+ int integer;
+ } u;
+} PQArgBlock;
+
+/* ----------------
+ * PGresAttDesc -- Data about a single attribute (column) of a query result
+ * ----------------
+ */
+typedef struct pgresAttDesc
+{
+ char *name; /* column name */
+ Oid tableid; /* source table, if known */
+ int columnid; /* source column, if known */
+ int format; /* format code for value (text/binary) */
+ Oid typid; /* type id */
+ int typlen; /* type size */
+ int atttypmod; /* type-specific modifier info */
+} PGresAttDesc;
+
+/* ----------------
+ * Exported functions of libpq
+ * ----------------
+ */
+
+/* === in fe-connect.c === */
+
+/* make a new client connection to the backend */
+/* Asynchronous (non-blocking) */
+extern PGconn *PQconnectStart(const char *conninfo);
+extern PGconn *PQconnectStartParams(const char **keywords,
+ const char **values, int expand_dbname);
+extern PostgresPollingStatusType PQconnectPoll(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* Synchronous (blocking) */
+extern PGconn *PQconnectdb(const char *conninfo);
+extern PGconn *PQconnectdbParams(const char **keywords,
+ const char **values, int expand_dbname);
+extern PGconn *PQsetdbLogin(const char *pghost, const char *pgport,
+ const char *pgoptions, const char *pgtty,
+ const char *dbName,
+ const char *login, const char *pwd);
+
+#define PQsetdb(M_PGHOST,M_PGPORT,M_PGOPT,M_PGTTY,M_DBNAME) \
+ PQsetdbLogin(M_PGHOST, M_PGPORT, M_PGOPT, M_PGTTY, M_DBNAME, NULL, NULL)
+
+/* close the current connection and free the PGconn data structure */
+extern void PQfinish(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* get info about connection options known to PQconnectdb */
+extern PQconninfoOption *PQconndefaults(void);
+
+/* parse connection options in same way as PQconnectdb */
+extern PQconninfoOption *PQconninfoParse(const char *conninfo, char **errmsg);
+
+/* free the data structure returned by PQconndefaults() or PQconninfoParse() */
+extern void PQconninfoFree(PQconninfoOption *connOptions);
+
+/*
+ * close the current connection and restablish a new one with the same
+ * parameters
+ */
+/* Asynchronous (non-blocking) */
+extern int PQresetStart(PGconn *conn);
+extern PostgresPollingStatusType PQresetPoll(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* Synchronous (blocking) */
+extern void PQreset(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* request a cancel structure */
+extern PGcancel *PQgetCancel(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* free a cancel structure */
+extern void PQfreeCancel(PGcancel *cancel);
+
+/* issue a cancel request */
+extern int PQcancel(PGcancel *cancel, char *errbuf, int errbufsize);
+
+/* backwards compatible version of PQcancel; not thread-safe */
+extern int PQrequestCancel(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* Accessor functions for PGconn objects */
+extern char *PQdb(const PGconn *conn);
+extern char *PQuser(const PGconn *conn);
+extern char *PQpass(const PGconn *conn);
+extern char *PQhost(const PGconn *conn);
+extern char *PQport(const PGconn *conn);
+extern char *PQtty(const PGconn *conn);
+extern char *PQoptions(const PGconn *conn);
+extern ConnStatusType PQstatus(const PGconn *conn);
+extern PGTransactionStatusType PQtransactionStatus(const PGconn *conn);
+extern const char *PQparameterStatus(const PGconn *conn,
+ const char *paramName);
+extern int PQprotocolVersion(const PGconn *conn);
+extern int PQserverVersion(const PGconn *conn);
+extern char *PQerrorMessage(const PGconn *conn);
+extern int PQsocket(const PGconn *conn);
+extern int PQbackendPID(const PGconn *conn);
+extern int PQconnectionNeedsPassword(const PGconn *conn);
+extern int PQconnectionUsedPassword(const PGconn *conn);
+extern int PQclientEncoding(const PGconn *conn);
+extern int PQsetClientEncoding(PGconn *conn, const char *encoding);
+
+/* Get the OpenSSL structure associated with a connection. Returns NULL for
+ * unencrypted connections or if any other TLS library is in use. */
+extern void *PQgetssl(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* Tell libpq whether it needs to initialize OpenSSL */
+extern void PQinitSSL(int do_init);
+
+/* More detailed way to tell libpq whether it needs to initialize OpenSSL */
+extern void PQinitOpenSSL(int do_ssl, int do_crypto);
+
+/* Set verbosity for PQerrorMessage and PQresultErrorMessage */
+extern PGVerbosity PQsetErrorVerbosity(PGconn *conn, PGVerbosity verbosity);
+
+/* Enable/disable tracing */
+extern void PQtrace(PGconn *conn, FILE *debug_port);
+extern void PQuntrace(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* Override default notice handling routines */
+extern PQnoticeReceiver PQsetNoticeReceiver(PGconn *conn,
+ PQnoticeReceiver proc,
+ void *arg);
+extern PQnoticeProcessor PQsetNoticeProcessor(PGconn *conn,
+ PQnoticeProcessor proc,
+ void *arg);
+
+/*
+ * Used to set callback that prevents concurrent access to
+ * non-thread safe functions that libpq needs.
+ * The default implementation uses a libpq internal mutex.
+ * Only required for multithreaded apps that use kerberos
+ * both within their app and for postgresql connections.
+ */
+typedef void (*pgthreadlock_t) (int acquire);
+
+extern pgthreadlock_t PQregisterThreadLock(pgthreadlock_t newhandler);
+
+/* === in fe-exec.c === */
+
+/* Simple synchronous query */
+extern PGresult *PQexec(PGconn *conn, const char *query);
+extern PGresult *PQexecParams(PGconn *conn,
+ const char *command,
+ int nParams,
+ const Oid *paramTypes,
+ const char *const * paramValues,
+ const int *paramLengths,
+ const int *paramFormats,
+ int resultFormat);
+extern PGresult *PQprepare(PGconn *conn, const char *stmtName,
+ const char *query, int nParams,
+ const Oid *paramTypes);
+extern PGresult *PQexecPrepared(PGconn *conn,
+ const char *stmtName,
+ int nParams,
+ const char *const * paramValues,
+ const int *paramLengths,
+ const int *paramFormats,
+ int resultFormat);
+
+/* Interface for multiple-result or asynchronous queries */
+extern int PQsendQuery(PGconn *conn, const char *query);
+extern int PQsendQueryParams(PGconn *conn,
+ const char *command,
+ int nParams,
+ const Oid *paramTypes,
+ const char *const * paramValues,
+ const int *paramLengths,
+ const int *paramFormats,
+ int resultFormat);
+extern int PQsendPrepare(PGconn *conn, const char *stmtName,
+ const char *query, int nParams,
+ const Oid *paramTypes);
+extern int PQsendQueryPrepared(PGconn *conn,
+ const char *stmtName,
+ int nParams,
+ const char *const * paramValues,
+ const int *paramLengths,
+ const int *paramFormats,
+ int resultFormat);
+extern PGresult *PQgetResult(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* Routines for managing an asynchronous query */
+extern int PQisBusy(PGconn *conn);
+extern int PQconsumeInput(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* LISTEN/NOTIFY support */
+extern PGnotify *PQnotifies(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* Routines for copy in/out */
+extern int PQputCopyData(PGconn *conn, const char *buffer, int nbytes);
+extern int PQputCopyEnd(PGconn *conn, const char *errormsg);
+extern int PQgetCopyData(PGconn *conn, char **buffer, int async);
+
+/* Deprecated routines for copy in/out */
+extern int PQgetline(PGconn *conn, char *string, int length);
+extern int PQputline(PGconn *conn, const char *string);
+extern int PQgetlineAsync(PGconn *conn, char *buffer, int bufsize);
+extern int PQputnbytes(PGconn *conn, const char *buffer, int nbytes);
+extern int PQendcopy(PGconn *conn);
+
+/* Set blocking/nonblocking connection to the backend */
+extern int PQsetnonblocking(PGconn *conn, int arg);
+extern int PQisnonblocking(const PGconn *conn);
+extern int PQisthreadsafe(void);
+extern PGPing PQping(const char *conninfo);
+extern PGPing PQpingParams(const char **keywords,
+ const char **values, int expand_dbname);
+
+/* Force the write buffer to be written (or at least try) */
+extern int PQflush(PGconn *conn);
+
+/*
+ * "Fast path" interface --- not really recommended for application
+ * use
+ */
+extern PGresult *PQfn(PGconn *conn,
+ int fnid,
+ int *result_buf,
+ int *result_len,
+ int result_is_int,
+ const PQArgBlock *args,
+ int nargs);
+
+/* Accessor functions for PGresult objects */
+extern ExecStatusType PQresultStatus(const PGresult *res);
+extern char *PQresStatus(ExecStatusType status);
+extern char *PQresultErrorMessage(const PGresult *res);
+extern char *PQresultErrorField(const PGresult *res, int fieldcode);
+extern int PQntuples(const PGresult *res);
+extern int PQnfields(const PGresult *res);
+extern int PQbinaryTuples(const PGresult *res);
+extern char *PQfname(const PGresult *res, int field_num);
+extern int PQfnumber(const PGresult *res, const char *field_name);
+extern Oid PQftable(const PGresult *res, int field_num);
+extern int PQftablecol(const PGresult *res, int field_num);
+extern int PQfformat(const PGresult *res, int field_num);
+extern Oid PQftype(const PGresult *res, int field_num);
+extern int PQfsize(const PGresult *res, int field_num);
+extern int PQfmod(const PGresult *res, int field_num);
+extern char *PQcmdStatus(PGresult *res);
+extern char *PQoidStatus(const PGresult *res); /* old and ugly */
+extern Oid PQoidValue(const PGresult *res); /* new and improved */
+extern char *PQcmdTuples(PGresult *res);
+extern char *PQgetvalue(const PGresult *res, int tup_num, int field_num);
+extern int PQgetlength(const PGresult *res, int tup_num, int field_num);
+extern int PQgetisnull(const PGresult *res, int tup_num, int field_num);
+extern int PQnparams(const PGresult *res);
+extern Oid PQparamtype(const PGresult *res, int param_num);
+
+/* Describe prepared statements and portals */
+extern PGresult *PQdescribePrepared(PGconn *conn, const char *stmt);
+extern PGresult *PQdescribePortal(PGconn *conn, const char *portal);
+extern int PQsendDescribePrepared(PGconn *conn, const char *stmt);
+extern int PQsendDescribePortal(PGconn *conn, const char *portal);
+
+/* Delete a PGresult */
+extern void PQclear(PGresult *res);
+
+/* For freeing other alloc'd results, such as PGnotify structs */
+extern void PQfreemem(void *ptr);
+
+/* Exists for backward compatibility. bjm 2003-03-24 */
+#define PQfreeNotify(ptr) PQfreemem(ptr)
+
+/* Error when no password was given. */
+/* Note: depending on this is deprecated; use PQconnectionNeedsPassword(). */
+#define PQnoPasswordSupplied "fe_sendauth: no password supplied\n"
+
+/* Create and manipulate PGresults */
+extern PGresult *PQmakeEmptyPGresult(PGconn *conn, ExecStatusType status);
+extern PGresult *PQcopyResult(const PGresult *src, int flags);
+extern int PQsetResultAttrs(PGresult *res, int numAttributes, PGresAttDesc *attDescs);
+extern void *PQresultAlloc(PGresult *res, size_t nBytes);
+extern int PQsetvalue(PGresult *res, int tup_num, int field_num, char *value, int len);
+
+/* Quoting strings before inclusion in queries. */
+extern size_t PQescapeStringConn(PGconn *conn,
+ char *to, const char *from, size_t length,
+ int *error);
+extern char *PQescapeLiteral(PGconn *conn, const char *str, size_t len);
+extern char *PQescapeIdentifier(PGconn *conn, const char *str, size_t len);
+extern unsigned char *PQescapeByteaConn(PGconn *conn,
+ const unsigned char *from, size_t from_length,
+ size_t *to_length);
+extern unsigned char *PQunescapeBytea(const unsigned char *strtext,
+ size_t *retbuflen);
+
+/* These forms are deprecated! */
+extern size_t PQescapeString(char *to, const char *from, size_t length);
+extern unsigned char *PQescapeBytea(const unsigned char *from, size_t from_length,
+ size_t *to_length);
+
+
+
+/* === in fe-print.c === */
+
+extern void
+PQprint(FILE *fout, /* output stream */
+ const PGresult *res,
+ const PQprintOpt *ps); /* option structure */
+
+/*
+ * really old printing routines
+ */
+extern void
+PQdisplayTuples(const PGresult *res,
+ FILE *fp, /* where to send the output */
+ int fillAlign, /* pad the fields with spaces */
+ const char *fieldSep, /* field separator */
+ int printHeader, /* display headers? */
+ int quiet);
+
+extern void
+PQprintTuples(const PGresult *res,
+ FILE *fout, /* output stream */
+ int printAttName, /* print attribute names */
+ int terseOutput, /* delimiter bars */
+ int width); /* width of column, if 0, use variable width */
+
+
+/* === in fe-lobj.c === */
+
+/* Large-object access routines */
+extern int lo_open(PGconn *conn, Oid lobjId, int mode);
+extern int lo_close(PGconn *conn, int fd);
+extern int lo_read(PGconn *conn, int fd, char *buf, size_t len);
+extern int lo_write(PGconn *conn, int fd, const char *buf, size_t len);
+extern int lo_lseek(PGconn *conn, int fd, int offset, int whence);
+extern Oid lo_creat(PGconn *conn, int mode);
+extern Oid lo_create(PGconn *conn, Oid lobjId);
+extern int lo_tell(PGconn *conn, int fd);
+extern int lo_truncate(PGconn *conn, int fd, size_t len);
+extern int lo_unlink(PGconn *conn, Oid lobjId);
+extern Oid lo_import(PGconn *conn, const char *filename);
+extern Oid lo_import_with_oid(PGconn *conn, const char *filename, Oid lobjId);
+extern int lo_export(PGconn *conn, Oid lobjId, const char *filename);
+
+/* === in fe-misc.c === */
+
+/* Get the version of the libpq library in use */
+extern int PQlibVersion(void);
+
+/* Determine length of multibyte encoded char at *s */
+extern int PQmblen(const char *s, int encoding);
+
+/* Determine display length of multibyte encoded char at *s */
+extern int PQdsplen(const char *s, int encoding);
+
+/* Get encoding id from environment variable PGCLIENTENCODING */
+extern int PQenv2encoding(void);
+
+/* === in fe-auth.c === */
+
+extern char *PQencryptPassword(const char *passwd, const char *user);
+
+/* === in encnames.c === */
+
+extern int pg_char_to_encoding(const char *name);
+extern const char *pg_encoding_to_char(int encoding);
+extern int pg_valid_server_encoding_id(int encoding);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+}
+#endif
+
+#endif /* LIBPQ_FE_H */