# Simple calculator
function calc() {
	local result=""
	result="$(printf "scale=10;$*\n" | bc --mathlib | tr -d '\\\n')"
	#                       └─ default (when `--mathlib` is used) is 20
	#
	if [[ "$result" == *.* ]]; then
		# improve the output for decimal numbers
		printf "$result" |
		sed -e 's/^\./0./'        `# add "0" for cases like ".5"` \
		    -e 's/^-\./-0./'      `# add "0" for cases like "-.5"`\
		    -e 's/0*$//;s/\.$//'   # remove trailing zeros
	else
		printf "$result"
	fi
	printf "\n"
}

# Create a new directory and enter it
function mkd() {
	mkdir -p "$@" && cd "$@"
}

# Change working directory to the top-most Finder window location
function cdf() { # short for `cdfinder`
	cd "$(osascript -e 'tell app "Finder" to POSIX path of (insertion location as alias)')"
}

# Create a .tar.gz archive, using `zopfli`, `pigz` or `gzip` for compression
function targz() {
	local tmpFile="${@}.tar"
	tar -cvf "${tmpFile}" --exclude=".DS_Store" "${@}" || return 1

	size=$(
		stat -f"%z" "${tmpFile}" 2> /dev/null; # OS X `stat`
		stat -c"%s" "${tmpFile}" 2> /dev/null # GNU `stat`
	)

	local cmd=""
	if (( size < 52428800 )) && hash zopfli 2> /dev/null; then
		# the .tar file is smaller than 50 MB and Zopfli is available; use it
		cmd="zopfli"
	else
		if hash pigz 2> /dev/null; then
			cmd="pigz"
		else
			cmd="gzip"
		fi
	fi

	echo "Compressing .tar using \`${cmd}\`…"
	"${cmd}" -v "${tmpFile}" || return 1
	[ -f "${tmpFile}" ] && rm "${tmpFile}"
	echo "${tmpFile}.gz created successfully."
}

# Determine size of a file or total size of a directory
function fs() {
	if du -b /dev/null > /dev/null 2>&1; then
		local arg=-sbh
	else
		local arg=-sh
	fi
	if [[ -n "$@" ]]; then
		du $arg -- "$@"
	else
		du $arg .[^.]* *
	fi
}

# Use Git’s colored diff when available
hash git &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
	function diff() {
		git diff --no-index --color-words "$@"
	}
fi

# Create a data URL from a file
function dataurl() {
	local mimeType=$(file -b --mime-type "$1")
	if [[ $mimeType == text/* ]]; then
		mimeType="${mimeType};charset=utf-8"
	fi
	echo "data:${mimeType};base64,$(openssl base64 -in "$1" | tr -d '\n')"
}

# Start an HTTP server from a directory, optionally specifying the port
function server() {
	local port="${1:-8000}"
	sleep 1 && open "http://localhost:${port}/" &
	# Set the default Content-Type to `text/plain` instead of `application/octet-stream`
	# And serve everything as UTF-8 (although not technically correct, this doesn’t break anything for binary files)
	python -c $'import SimpleHTTPServer;\nmap = SimpleHTTPServer.SimpleHTTPRequestHandler.extensions_map;\nmap[""] = "text/plain";\nfor key, value in map.items():\n\tmap[key] = value + ";charset=UTF-8";\nSimpleHTTPServer.test();' "$port"
}

# Start a PHP server from a directory, optionally specifying the port
# (Requires PHP 5.4.0+.)
function phpserver() {
	local port="${1:-4000}"
	local ip=$(ipconfig getifaddr en1)
	sleep 1 && open "http://${ip}:${port}/" &
	php -S "${ip}:${port}"
}

# Compare original and gzipped file size
function gz() {
	local origsize=$(wc -c < "$1")
	local gzipsize=$(gzip -c "$1" | wc -c)
	local ratio=$(echo "$gzipsize * 100/ $origsize" | bc -l)
	printf "orig: %d bytes\n" "$origsize"
	printf "gzip: %d bytes (%2.2f%%)\n" "$gzipsize" "$ratio"
}

# Test if HTTP compression (RFC 2616 + SDCH) is enabled for a given URL.
# Send a fake UA string for sites that sniff it instead of using the Accept-Encoding header. (Looking at you, ajax.googleapis.com!)
function httpcompression() {
	local encoding="$(curl -LIs -H 'User-Agent: Mozilla/5 Gecko' -H 'Accept-Encoding: gzip,deflate,compress,sdch' "$1" | grep '^Content-Encoding:')" && echo "$1 is encoded using ${encoding#* }" || echo "$1 is not using any encoding"
}

# Syntax-highlight JSON strings or files
# Usage: `json '{"foo":42}'` or `echo '{"foo":42}' | json`
function json() {
	if [ -t 0 ]; then # argument
		python -mjson.tool <<< "$*" | pygmentize -l javascript
	else # pipe
		python -mjson.tool | pygmentize -l javascript
	fi
}

# All the dig info
function digga() {
	dig +nocmd "$1" any +multiline +noall +answer
}

# Escape UTF-8 characters into their 3-byte format
function escape() {
	printf "\\\x%s" $(printf "$@" | xxd -p -c1 -u)
	# print a newline unless we’re piping the output to another program
	if [ -t 1 ]; then
		echo # newline
	fi
}

# Decode \x{ABCD}-style Unicode escape sequences
function unidecode() {
	perl -e "binmode(STDOUT, ':utf8'); print \"$@\""
	# print a newline unless we’re piping the output to another program
	if [ -t 1 ]; then
		echo # newline
	fi
}

# Get a character’s Unicode code point
function codepoint() {
	perl -e "use utf8; print sprintf('U+%04X', ord(\"$@\"))"
	# print a newline unless we’re piping the output to another program
	if [ -t 1 ]; then
		echo # newline
	fi
}

# Show all the names (CNs and SANs) listed in the SSL certificate
# for a given domain
function getcertnames() {
	if [ -z "${1}" ]; then
		echo "ERROR: No domain specified."
		return 1
	fi

	local domain="${1}"
	echo "Testing ${domain}…"
	echo # newline

	local tmp=$(echo -e "GET / HTTP/1.0\nEOT" \
		| openssl s_client -connect "${domain}:443" 2>&1);

	if [[ "${tmp}" = *"-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----"* ]]; then
		local certText=$(echo "${tmp}" \
			| openssl x509 -text -certopt "no_header, no_serial, no_version, \
			no_signame, no_validity, no_issuer, no_pubkey, no_sigdump, no_aux");
			echo "Common Name:"
			echo # newline
			echo "${certText}" | grep "Subject:" | sed -e "s/^.*CN=//";
			echo # newline
			echo "Subject Alternative Name(s):"
			echo # newline
			echo "${certText}" | grep -A 1 "Subject Alternative Name:" \
				| sed -e "2s/DNS://g" -e "s/ //g" | tr "," "\n" | tail -n +2
			return 0
	else
		echo "ERROR: Certificate not found.";
		return 1
	fi
}

# Add note to Notes.app (OS X 10.8)
# Usage: `note 'foo'` or `echo 'foo' | note`
function note() {
	local text
	if [ -t 0 ]; then # argument
		text="$1"
	else # pipe
		text=$(cat)
	fi
	body=$(echo "$text" | sed -E 's|$|<br>|g')
	osascript >/dev/null <<EOF
tell application "Notes"
	tell account "iCloud"
		tell folder "Notes"
			make new note with properties {name:"$text", body:"$body"}
		end tell
	end tell
end tell
EOF
}

# Add reminder to Reminders.app (OS X 10.8)
# Usage: `remind 'foo'` or `echo 'foo' | remind`
function remind() {
	local text
	if [ -t 0 ]; then
		text="$1" # argument
	else
		text=$(cat) # pipe
	fi
	osascript >/dev/null <<EOF
tell application "Reminders"
	tell the default list
		make new reminder with properties {name:"$text"}
	end tell
end tell
EOF
}

# Manually remove a downloaded app or file from the quarantine
function unquarantine() {
	for attribute in com.apple.metadata:kMDItemDownloadedDate com.apple.metadata:kMDItemWhereFroms com.apple.quarantine; do
		xattr -r -d "$attribute" "$@"
	done
}