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+# <pre>
+# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
+# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
+
+# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
+# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
+# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
+#
+# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
+# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
+# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
+# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
+# of the IATA's data after 1990.
+#
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
+#
+# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
+# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
+# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
+# I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
+# _daylight-saving time_. _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
+# in Europe and South America.
+# -- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
+# H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
+#
+# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
+# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
+# "summer time". Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
+# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
+# The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
+# Brazil. Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
+# "official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
+# The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
+# "plus one" or "plus two". As far as I know there is no such
+# name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
+# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
+# Corrections are welcome!
+# std dst
+# -2:00 FNT FNST Fernando de Noronha
+# -3:00 BRT BRST Brasilia
+# -4:00 AMT AMST Amazon
+# -5:00 ACT ACST Acre
+
+###############################################################################
+
+###############################################################################
+
+# Argentina
+
+# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
+# Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
+# Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974. Switches at midnight.
+
+# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
+# ARGENTINA 3 H BEHIND UTC
+
+# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
+# I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
+# AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Arg 1930 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1931 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1931 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1932 1940 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1932 1939 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1940 only - Jul 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1941 only - Jun 15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1941 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1943 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1943 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1946 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1946 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1963 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1963 only - Dec 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1964 1966 - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1967 only - Apr 2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1967 1968 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1968 1969 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1974 only - Jan 23 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 1974 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
+#
+# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
+# These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
+# obtaining the data from the:
+# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
+# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
+Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+#
+# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
+# From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
+# time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
+# to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
+#
+# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
+# On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
+# which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
+# from the International Date Line.
+Rule Arg 1999 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+# From Paul Eggert (2007-12-28):
+# DST was set to expire on March 5, not March 3, but since it was converted
+# to standard time on March 3 it's more convenient for us to pretend that
+# it ended on March 3.
+Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar 3 0:00 0 -
+#
+# From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
+# We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
+# Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
+# So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
+#
+# From Fabian L. Arce Jofre (2000-04-04):
+# The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
+# de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
+# in the winter time, rather than less. The change took effect on March 3.
+#
+# From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
+# one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
+# Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
+# in effect.... The article is at
+# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
+# ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
+# 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21. The official publication is at:
+# http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
+# Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
+#
+# (2001-06-12):
+# the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
+# Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
+# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
+#
+# (2001-06-25):
+# Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
+# Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
+# http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
+# It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
+# This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
+# We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-12-21):
+# A user (Leonardo Chaim) reported that Argentina will adopt DST....
+# all of the country (all Zone-entries) are affected. News reports like
+# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/opinion/nota.asp?nota_id=973037 indicate
+# that Argentina will use DST next year as well, from October to
+# March, although exact rules are not given.
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2007-12-26)
+# The last hurdle of Argentina DST is over, the proposal was approved in
+# the lower chamber too (Deputados) with a vote 192 for and 2 against.
+# By the way thanks to Mariano Absatz and Daniel Mario Vega for the link to
+# the original scanned proposal, where the dates and the zero hours are
+# clear and unambiguous...This is the article about final approval:
+# <a href="http://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=973996">
+# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/politica/nota.asp?nota_id=973996
+# </a>
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2007-12-22):
+# For dates after mid-2008, the following rules are my guesses and
+# are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
+
+# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2008-09-05):
+# As per message from Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz (Nicaragua),
+# Argentina will start DST on Sunday October 19, 2008.
+#
+# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina03.html">
+# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina03.html
+# </a>
+# OR
+# <a href="http://www.impulsobaires.com.ar/nota.php?id=57832 (in spanish)">
+# http://www.impulsobaires.com.ar/nota.php?id=57832 (in spanish)
+# </a>
+
+# From Rodrigo Severo (2008-10-06):
+# Here is some info available at a Gentoo bug related to TZ on Argentina's DST:
+# ...
+# ------- Comment #1 from [jmdocile] 2008-10-06 16:28 0000 -------
+# Hi, there is a problem with timezone-data-2008e and maybe with
+# timezone-data-2008f
+# Argentinian law [Number] 25.155 is no longer valid.
+# <a href="http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/60000-64999/60036/norma.htm">
+# http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/60000-64999/60036/norma.htm
+# </a>
+# The new one is law [Number] 26.350
+# <a href="http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/135000-139999/136191/norma.htm">
+# http://www.infoleg.gov.ar/infolegInternet/anexos/135000-139999/136191/norma.htm
+# </a>
+# So there is no summer time in Argentina for now.
+
+# From Mariano Absatz (2008-10-20):
+# Decree 1693/2008 applies Law 26.350 for the summer 2008/2009 establishing DST in Argentina
+# From 2008-10-19 until 2009-03-15
+# <a href="http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=16102008&pi=3&pf=4&s=0&sec=01">
+# http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=16102008&pi=3&pf=4&s=0&sec=01
+# </a>
+#
+# Decree 1705/2008 excepting 12 Provinces from applying DST in the summer 2008/2009:
+# Catamarca, La Rioja, Mendoza, Salta, San Juan, San Luis, La Pampa, Neuquen, Rio Negro, Chubut, Santa Cruz
+# and Tierra del Fuego
+# <a href="http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=17102008&pi=1&pf=1&s=0&sec=01">
+# http://www.boletinoficial.gov.ar/Bora.Portal/CustomControls/PdfContent.aspx?fp=17102008&pi=1&pf=1&s=0&sec=01
+# </a>
+#
+# Press release 235 dated Saturday October 18th, from the Government of the Province of Jujuy saying
+# it will not apply DST either (even when it was not included in Decree 1705/2008)
+# <a href="http://www.jujuy.gov.ar/index2/partes_prensa/18_10_08/235-181008.doc">
+# http://www.jujuy.gov.ar/index2/partes_prensa/18_10_08/235-181008.doc
+# </a>
+
+# From fullinet (2009-10-18):
+# As announced in
+# <a hef="http://www.argentina.gob.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=356">
+# http://www.argentina.gob.ar/argentina/portal/paginas.dhtml?pagina=356
+# </a>
+# (an official .gob.ar) under title: "Sin Cambio de Hora" (english: "No hour change")
+#
+# "Por el momento, el Gobierno Nacional resolvio no modificar la hora
+# oficial, decision que estaba en estudio para su implementacion el
+# domingo 18 de octubre. Desde el Ministerio de Planificacion se anuncio
+# que la Argentina hoy, en estas condiciones meteorologicas, no necesita
+# la modificacion del huso horario, ya que 2009 nos encuentra con
+# crecimiento en la produccion y distribucion energetica."
+
+Rule Arg 2007 only - Dec 30 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Arg 2008 2009 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Arg 2008 only - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+
+# From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21):
+# Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing
+# its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night....
+# http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf
+# From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24):
+# It's Law No. 7,210. This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
+# now we'll assume it's for this year only.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html">
+# Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2003-06-08)
+# </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
+# to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value
+# over Shanks & Pottenger.
+#
+# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
+# These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
+# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp
+# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp
+#
+# The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at
+# midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01).
+# Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same
+# time in October 17th.
+#
+# Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz,
+# Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman.
+#
+# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14):
+# ... this weekend, the Province of Tucuman decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00
+# yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's
+# annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained....
+#
+# From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14):
+# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/06/10/de_609078.asp ...
+# "The time change in Tierra del Fuego was a conflicted decision from
+# the start. The government had decreed that the measure would take
+# effect on June 1, but a normative error forced the new time to begin
+# three days earlier, from a Saturday to a Sunday....
+# Our understanding was that the change was originally scheduled to take place
+# on June 1 at 00:00 in Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego (and some other
+# provinces). Sunday was May 30, only two days earlier. So the article
+# contains a contradiction. I would give more credence to the Saturday/Sunday
+# date than the "three days earlier" phrase, and conclude that Tierra del
+# Fuego set its clocks back at 2004-05-30 00:00.
+#
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-05):
+# The previous law 7210 which changed the province of Mendoza's time zone
+# back in May have been modified slightly in a new law 7277, which set the
+# new end date to 2004-09-26 (original date was 2004-10-17).
+# http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040924-27244-normas.pdf
+#
+# From Mariano Absatz (2004-10-05):
+# San Juan changed from UTC-03:00 to UTC-04:00 at midnight between
+# Sunday, May 30th and Monday, May 31st. It changed back to UTC-03:00
+# at midnight between Saturday, July 24th and Sunday, July 25th....
+# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000329.html
+# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html
+# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000441.html
+
+# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-01-17):
+# Here are articles that Argentina Province San Luis is planning to end DST
+# as earlier as upcoming Monday January 21, 2008 or February 2008:
+#
+# Provincia argentina retrasa reloj y marca diferencia con resto del pais
+# (Argentine Province delayed clock and mark difference with the rest of the
+# country)
+# <a href="http://cl.invertia.com/noticias/noticia.aspx?idNoticia=200801171849_EFE_ET4373&idtel">
+# http://cl.invertia.com/noticias/noticia.aspx?idNoticia=200801171849_EFE_ET4373&idtel
+# </a>
+#
+# Es inminente que en San Luis atrasen una hora los relojes
+# (It is imminent in San Luis clocks one hour delay)
+# <a href="http://www.lagaceta.com.ar/vernotae.asp?id_nota=253414">
+# http://www.lagaceta.com.ar/vernotae.asp?id_nota=253414
+# </a>
+#
+# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html">
+# http://www.worldtimezone.net/dst_news/dst_news_argentina02.html
+# </a>
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-01-18):
+# The page of the San Luis provincial government
+# <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=0&id=22812">
+# http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=0&id=22812
+# </a>
+# confirms what Alex Krivenyshev has earlier sent to the tz
+# emailing list about that San Luis plans to return to standard
+# time much earlier than the rest of the country. It also
+# confirms that upon request the provinces San Juan and Mendoza
+# refused to follow San Luis in this change.
+#
+# The change is supposed to take place Monday the 21.st at 0:00
+# hours. As far as I understand it if this goes ahead, we need
+# a new timezone for San Luis (although there are also documented
+# independent changes in the southamerica file of San Luis in
+# 1990 and 1991 which has not been confirmed).
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-01-25):
+# Unfortunately the below page has become defunct, about the San Luis
+# time change. Perhaps because it now is part of a group of pages "Most
+# important pages of 2008."
+#
+# You can use
+# <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=8141&id=22834">
+# http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/notas.asp?idCanal=8141&id=22834
+# </a>
+# instead it seems. Or use "Buscador" from the main page of the San Luis
+# government, and fill in "huso" and click OK, and you will get 3 pages
+# from which the first one is identical to the above.
+
+# From Mariano Absatz (2008-01-28):
+# I can confirm that the Province of San Luis (and so far only that
+# province) decided to go back to UTC-3 effective midnight Jan 20th 2008
+# (that is, Monday 21st at 0:00 is the time the clocks were delayed back
+# 1 hour), and they intend to keep UTC-3 as their timezone all year round
+# (that is, unless they change their mind any minute now).
+#
+# So we'll have to add yet another city to 'southamerica' (I think San
+# Luis city is the mos populated city in the Province, so it'd be
+# America/Argentina/San_Luis... of course I can't remember if San Luis's
+# history of particular changes goes along with Mendoza or San Juan :-(
+# (I only remember not being able to collect hard facts about San Luis
+# back in 2004, when these provinces changed to UTC-4 for a few days, I
+# mailed them personally and never got an answer).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2008-06-30):
+# Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks & Pottenger through 1992,
+# from the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks & Pottenger say that
+# America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, one of which
+# was America/San_Luis, but we haven't verified this yet so for now we'll
+# keep America/Cordoba a single region rather than splitting it into the
+# other 5 subregions.
+
+# From Mariano Absatz (2009-03-13):
+# Yesterday (with our usual 2-day notice) the Province of San Luis
+# decided that next Sunday instead of "staying" @utc-03:00 they will go
+# to utc-04:00 until the second Saturday in October...
+#
+# The press release is at
+# <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/SL/Paginas/NoticiaDetalle.asp?TemaId=1&InfoPrensaId=3102">
+# http://www.sanluis.gov.ar/SL/Paginas/NoticiaDetalle.asp?TemaId=1&InfoPrensaId=3102
+# </a>
+# (I couldn't find the decree, but
+# <a href="http://www.sanluis.gov.ar">
+# www.sanluis.gov.ar
+# <a/>
+# is the official page for the Province Government).
+#
+# There's also a note in only one of the major national papers (La Nación) at
+# <a href="http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=1107912">
+# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/nota.asp?nota_id=1107912
+# </a>
+#
+# The press release says:
+# (...) anunció que el próximo domingo a las 00:00 los puntanos deberán
+# atrasar una hora sus relojes.
+#
+# A partir de entonces, San Luis establecerá el huso horario propio de
+# la Provincia. De esta manera, durante el periodo del calendario anual
+# 2009, el cambio horario quedará comprendido entre las 00:00 del tercer
+# domingo de marzo y las 24:00 del segundo sábado de octubre.
+# Quick&dirty translation
+# (...) announced that next Sunday, at 00:00, Puntanos (the San Luis
+# inhabitants) will have to turn back one hour their clocks
+#
+# Since then, San Luis will establish its own Province timezone. Thus,
+# during 2009, this timezone change will run from 00:00 the third Sunday
+# in March until 24:00 of the second Saturday in October.
+
+# From Mariano Absatz (2009-10-16):
+# ...the Province of San Luis is a case in itself.
+#
+# The Law at
+# <a href="http://www.diputadossanluis.gov.ar/diputadosasp/paginas/verNorma.asp?NormaID=276>"
+# http://www.diputadossanluis.gov.ar/diputadosasp/paginas/verNorma.asp?NormaID=276
+# </a>
+# is ambiguous because establishes a calendar from the 2nd Sunday in
+# October at 0:00 thru the 2nd Saturday in March at 24:00 and the
+# complement of that starting on the 2nd Sunday of March at 0:00 and
+# ending on the 2nd Saturday of March at 24:00.
+#
+# This clearly breaks every time the 1st of March or October is a Sunday.
+#
+# IMHO, the "spirit of the Law" is to make the changes at 0:00 on the 2nd
+# Sunday of October and March.
+#
+# The problem is that the changes in the rest of the Provinces that did
+# change in 2007/2008, were made according to the Federal Law and Decrees
+# that did so on the 3rd Sunday of October and March.
+#
+# In fact, San Luis actually switched from UTC-4 to UTC-3 last Sunday
+# (October 11th) at 0:00.
+#
+# So I guess a new set of rules, besides "Arg", must be made and the last
+# America/Argentina/San_Luis entries should change to use these...
+#
+# I'm enclosing a patch that does what I say... regretfully, the San Luis
+# timezone must be called "WART/WARST" even when most of the time (like,
+# right now) WARST == ART... that is, since last Sunday, all the country
+# is using UTC-3, but in my patch, San Luis calls it "WARST" and the rest
+# of the country calls it "ART".
+# ...
+
+# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-09):
+# According to news reports from El Diario de la Republica Province San
+# Luis, Argentina (standard time UTC-04) will keep Daylight Saving Time
+# after April 11, 2010--will continue to have same time as rest of
+# Argentina (UTC-3) (no DST).
+#
+# Confirmaron la pr&oacute;rroga del huso horario de verano (Spanish)
+# <a href="http://www.eldiariodelarepublica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29383&Itemid=9">
+# http://www.eldiariodelarepublica.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=29383&Itemid=9
+# </a>
+# or (some English translation):
+# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina08.html">
+# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_argentina08.html
+# </a>
+
+# From Mariano Absatz (2010-04-12):
+# yes...I can confirm this...and given that San Luis keeps calling
+# UTC-03:00 "summer time", we should't just let San Luis go back to "Arg"
+# rules...San Luis is still using "Western ARgentina Time" and it got
+# stuck on Summer daylight savings time even though the summer is over.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+#
+# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
+Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT
+#
+# Cordoba (CB), Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN),
+# Chaco (CC), Formosa (FM), Santiago del Estero (SE)
+#
+# Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
+# - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
+# - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
+# - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
+# - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
+# then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
+#
+Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT
+#
+# Salta (SA), La Pampa (LP), Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
+Zone America/Argentina/Salta -4:21:40 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Tucuman (TM)
+Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 13
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT
+#
+# La Rioja (LR)
+Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# San Juan (SJ)
+Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 May 7
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 May 31
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jul 25
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Jujuy (JY)
+Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
+ -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 28
+ -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 17
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 6
+ -3:00 1:00 ARST 1992
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
+Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1991 Mar 3
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 20
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Mendoza (MZ)
+Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990 Mar 4
+ -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15
+ -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Oct 15
+ -4:00 1:00 WARST 1992 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - WART 1992 Oct 18
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 May 23
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Sep 26
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# San Luis (SL)
+
+Rule SanLuis 2008 2009 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 -
+Rule SanLuis 2007 2009 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
+
+Zone America/Argentina/San_Luis -4:25:24 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1990
+ -3:00 1:00 ARST 1990 Mar 14
+ -4:00 - WART 1990 Oct 15
+ -4:00 1:00 WARST 1991 Mar 1
+ -4:00 - WART 1991 Jun 1
+ -3:00 - ART 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 1:00 WARST 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 May 31
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jul 25
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Jan 21
+ -4:00 SanLuis WAR%sT
+#
+# Santa Cruz (SC)
+Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 Jun 1
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - ART
+#
+# Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
+Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
+ -4:16:48 - CMT 1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
+ -4:00 - ART 1930 Dec
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 1969 Oct 5
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 1999 Oct 3
+ -4:00 Arg AR%sT 2000 Mar 3
+ -3:00 - ART 2004 May 30
+ -4:00 - WART 2004 Jun 20
+ -3:00 Arg AR%sT 2008 Oct 18
+ -3:00 - ART
+
+# Aruba
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Aruba -4:40:24 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Oranjestad
+ -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Bolivia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
+ -4:32:36 - CMT 1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
+ -4:32:36 1:00 BOST 1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
+ -4:00 - BOT # Bolivia Time
+
+# Brazil
+
+# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
+# The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
+# just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
+# The rule change lasted only part of the day;
+# the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
+# was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
+
+# From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
+# _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
+# Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
+# Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
+# Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
+# [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
+
+# From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
+# Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
+# sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
+# always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
+# The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91. Each issue from then until
+# 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
+# along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
+# (UTC-4).... The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
+# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
+# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
+# become part of the state of Pernambuco). The boundary between BR1 and BR2
+# has never been clearly stated. They've simply been called East and West.
+# However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
+# Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil. For each
+# airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM. From that
+# information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
+# Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
+# Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
+
+# From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
+# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
+# Brazilian official page
+# </a>
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
+# [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
+# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
+# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
+
+# From Celso Doria via David Madeo (2002-10-09):
+# The reason for the delay this year has to do with elections in Brazil.
+#
+# Unlike in the United States, elections in Brazil are 100% computerized and
+# the results are known almost immediately. Yesterday, it was the first
+# round of the elections when 115 million Brazilians voted for President,
+# Governor, Senators, Federal Deputies, and State Deputies. Nobody is
+# counting (or re-counting) votes anymore and we know there will be a second
+# round for the Presidency and also for some Governors. The 2nd round will
+# take place on October 27th.
+#
+# The reason why the DST will only begin November 3rd is that the thousands
+# of electoral machines used cannot have their time changed, and since the
+# Constitution says the elections must begin at 8:00 AM and end at 5:00 PM,
+# the Government decided to postpone DST, instead of changing the Constitution
+# (maybe, for the next elections, it will be possible to change the clock)...
+
+# From Rodrigo Severo (2004-10-04):
+# It's just the biannual change made necessary by the much hyped, supposedly
+# modern Brazilian eletronic voting machines which, apparently, can't deal
+# with a time change between the first and the second rounds of the elections.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-09-20):
+# Brazil will start DST on 2007-10-14 00:00 and end on 2008-02-17 00:00:
+# http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do;jsessionid=BBA06811AFCAAC28F0285210913513DA?newsId=13975
+
+# From Paul Schulze (2008-06-24):
+# ...by law number 11.662 of April 24, 2008 (published in the "Diario
+# Oficial da Uniao"...) in Brazil there are changes in the timezones,
+# effective today (00:00am at June 24, 2008) as follows:
+#
+# a) The timezone UTC+5 is e[x]tinguished, with all the Acre state and the
+# part of the Amazonas state that had this timezone now being put to the
+# timezone UTC+4
+# b) The whole Para state now is put at timezone UTC+3, instead of just
+# part of it, as was before.
+#
+# This change follows a proposal of senator Tiao Viana of Acre state, that
+# proposed it due to concerns about open television channels displaying
+# programs inappropriate to youths in the states that had the timezone
+# UTC+5 too early in the night. In the occasion, some more corrections
+# were proposed, trying to unify the timezones of any given state. This
+# change modifies timezone rules defined in decree 2.784 of 18 June,
+# 1913.
+
+# From Rodrigo Severo (2008-06-24):
+# Just correcting the URL:
+# <a href="https://www.in.gov.br/imprensa/visualiza/index.jsp?jornal=do&secao=1&pagina=1&data=25/04/2008">
+# https://www.in.gov.br/imprensa/visualiza/index.jsp?jornal=do&secao=1&pagina=1&data=25/04/2008
+# </a>
+#
+# As a result of the above Decree I believe the America/Rio_Branco
+# timezone shall be modified from UTC-5 to UTC-4 and a new timezone shall
+# be created to represent the...west side of the Para State. I
+# suggest this new timezone be called Santarem as the most
+# important/populated city in the affected area.
+#
+# This new timezone would be the same as the Rio_Branco timezone up to
+# the 2008/06/24 change which would be to UTC-3 instead of UTC-4.
+
+# From Alex Krivenyshev (2008-06-24):
+# This is a quick reference page for New and Old Brazil Time Zones map.
+# <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/brazil-time-new-old.php">
+# http://www.worldtimezone.com/brazil-time-new-old.php
+# </a>
+#
+# - 4 time zones replaced by 3 time zones-eliminating time zone UTC- 05
+# (state Acre and the part of the Amazonas will be UTC/GMT- 04) - western
+# part of Par state is moving to one timezone UTC- 03 (from UTC -04).
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-10):
+# The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from
+# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
+# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
+# </a>.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-08-29):
+# As announced by the government and many newspapers in Brazil late
+# yesterday, Brazil will start DST on 2008-10-19 (need to change rule) and
+# it will end on 2009-02-15 (current rule for Brazil is fine). Based on
+# past years experience with the elections, there was a good chance that
+# the start was postponed to November, but it did not happen this year.
+#
+# It has not yet been posted to http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html
+#
+# An official page about it:
+# <a href="http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do?newsId=16722">
+# http://www.mme.gov.br/site/news/detail.do?newsId=16722
+# </a>
+# Note that this link does not always work directly, but must be accessed
+# by going to
+# <a href="http://www.mme.gov.br/first">
+# http://www.mme.gov.br/first
+# </a>
+#
+# One example link that works directly:
+# <a href="http://jornale.com.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13530&Itemid=54">
+# http://jornale.com.br/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=13530&Itemid=54
+# (Portuguese)
+# </a>
+#
+# We have a written a short article about it as well:
+# <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-dst-2008-2009.html">
+# http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/brazil-dst-2008-2009.html
+# </a>
+#
+# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2011-10-04):
+# State Bahia will return to Daylight savings time this year after 8 years off.
+# The announcement was made by Governor Jaques Wagner in an interview to a
+# television station in Salvador.
+
+# In Portuguese:
+# <a href="http://g1.globo.com/bahia/noticia/2011/10/governador-jaques-wagner-confirma-horario-de-verao-na-bahia.html">
+# http://g1.globo.com/bahia/noticia/2011/10/governador-jaques-wagner-confirma-horario-de-verao-na-bahia.html
+# </a> and
+# <a href="http://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI5390887-EI8139,00-Bahia+volta+a+ter+horario+de+verao+apos+oito+anos.html">
+# http://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI5390887-EI8139,00-Bahia+volta+a+ter+horario+de+verao+apos+oito+anos.html
+# </a>
+
+# From Guilherme Bernardes Rodrigues (2011-10-07):
+# There is news in the media, however there is still no decree about it.
+# I just send a e-mail to Zulmira Brandão at
+# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/">http://pcdsh01.on.br/</a> the
+# oficial agency about time in Brazil, and she confirmed that the old rule is
+# still in force.
+
+# From Guilherme Bernardes Rodrigues (2011-10-14)
+# It's official, the President signed a decree that includes Bahia in summer
+# time.
+# [ and in a second message (same day): ]
+# I found the decree.
+#
+# DECRETO No- 7.584, DE 13 DE OUTUBRO DE 2011
+# Link :
+# <a href="http://www.in.gov.br/visualiza/index.jsp?data=13/10/2011&jornal=1000&pagina=6&totalArquivos=6">
+# http://www.in.gov.br/visualiza/index.jsp?data=13/10/2011&jornal=1000&pagina=6&totalArquivos=6
+# </a>
+
+# From Kelley Cook (2012-10-16):
+# The governor of state of Bahia in Brazil announced on Thursday that
+# due to public pressure, he is reversing the DST policy they implemented
+# last year and will not be going to Summer Time on October 21st....
+# http://www.correio24horas.com.br/r/artigo/apos-pressoes-wagner-suspende-horario-de-verao-na-bahia
+
+# From Rodrigo Severo (2012-10-16):
+# Tocantins state will have DST.
+# http://noticias.terra.com.br/brasil/noticias/0,,OI6232536-EI306.html
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
+Rule Brazil 1931 only - Oct 3 11:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1932 1933 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 1932 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
+# revoked DST.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
+Rule Brazil 1949 1952 - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1950 only - Apr 16 1:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 1951 1952 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
+Rule Brazil 1953 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
+# revoked DST.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
+# established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
+# in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
+# extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
+Rule Brazil 1963 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
+# extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
+Rule Brazil 1964 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
+Rule Brazil 1965 only - Jan 31 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1965 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
+Rule Brazil 1965 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
+Rule Brazil 1966 1968 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 1966 1967 - Nov 1 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
+# revoked DST.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
+Rule Brazil 1985 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
+# Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
+Rule Brazil 1986 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 -
+# Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
+Rule Brazil 1986 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1987 only - Feb 14 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
+Rule Brazil 1987 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1988 only - Feb 7 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
+# except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
+Rule Brazil 1988 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1989 only - Jan 29 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
+# with the same exceptions
+Rule Brazil 1989 only - Oct 15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1990 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
+# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
+# Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
+Rule Brazil 1990 only - Oct 21 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1991 only - Feb 17 0:00 0 -
+# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
+# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
+Rule Brazil 1991 only - Oct 20 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1992 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 -
+# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
+# adopted by same states.
+Rule Brazil 1992 only - Oct 25 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1993 only - Jan 31 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
+# adopted by same states, plus AM.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22;
+# web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
+# adopted by same states, plus MT and TO.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
+# adds AL, SE.
+Rule Brazil 1993 1995 - Oct Sun>=11 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1994 1995 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 1996 only - Feb 11 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
+# adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
+Rule Brazil 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1997 only - Feb 16 0:00 0 -
+# From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12):
+# In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
+# because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
+# they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
+# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
+# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
+#
+# Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
+Rule Brazil 1997 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
+# (1998-02-10)
+Rule Brazil 1998 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
+# adopted by the same states as before.
+Rule Brazil 1998 only - Oct 11 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 1999 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
+# (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
+# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
+Rule Brazil 1999 only - Oct 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
+# adopted by the same states as before.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
+# repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
+# repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
+# (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
+Rule Brazil 2000 2001 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 2001 2006 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+# Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
+# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm">4,399</a>
+Rule Brazil 2002 only - Nov 3 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO.
+# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm">4,844</a>
+Rule Brazil 2003 only - Oct 19 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT.
+# <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm">5,223</a>
+Rule Brazil 2004 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif">5,539</a> (2005-09-19),
+# adopted by the same states as before.
+Rule Brazil 2005 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5920.gif">5,920</a> (2006-10-03),
+# adopted by the same states as before.
+Rule Brazil 2006 only - Nov 5 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 2007 only - Feb 25 0:00 0 -
+# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV6212.gif">6,212</a> (2007-09-26),
+# adopted by the same states as before.
+Rule Brazil 2007 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
+# From Frederico A. C. Neves (2008-09-10):
+# Acording to this decree
+# <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2007-2010/2008/Decreto/D6558.htm">
+# http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2007-2010/2008/Decreto/D6558.htm
+# </a>
+# [t]he DST period in Brazil now on will be from the 3rd Oct Sunday to the
+# 3rd Feb Sunday. There is an exception on the return date when this is
+# the Carnival Sunday then the return date will be the next Sunday...
+Rule Brazil 2008 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 2008 2011 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2012 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2013 2014 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2015 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2016 2022 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2023 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2024 2025 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2026 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2027 2033 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2034 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2035 2036 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2037 only - Feb Sun>=22 0:00 0 -
+# From Arthur David Olson (2008-09-29):
+# The next is wrong in some years but is better than nothing.
+Rule Brazil 2038 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+
+# The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
+# DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+#
+# Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
+Zone America/Noronha -2:09:40 - LMT 1914
+ -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 1990 Sep 17
+ -2:00 - FNT 1999 Sep 30
+ -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2000 Oct 15
+ -2:00 - FNT 2001 Sep 13
+ -2:00 Brazil FN%sT 2002 Oct 1
+ -2:00 - FNT
+# Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement.
+# These include Trindade and Martin Vaz (administratively part of ES),
+# Atol das Rocas (RN), and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo (PE).
+# Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01;
+# it also included the Penedos.
+#
+# Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
+# East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
+# The division between east and west Para is the river Xingu.
+# In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess,
+# the border with Amapa) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu.
+Zone America/Belem -3:13:56 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# west Para (PA)
+# West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
+Zone America/Santarem -3:38:48 - LMT 1914
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -4:00 - AMT 2008 Jun 24 00:00
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
+# Paraiba (PB)
+Zone America/Fortaleza -2:34:00 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
+ -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
+Zone America/Recife -2:19:36 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 15
+ -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# Tocantins (TO)
+Zone America/Araguaina -3:12:48 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - BRT 1995 Sep 14
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24
+ -3:00 - BRT 2012 Oct 21
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
+#
+# Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
+Zone America/Maceio -2:22:52 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1990 Sep 17
+ -3:00 - BRT 1995 Oct 13
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1996 Sep 4
+ -3:00 - BRT 1999 Sep 30
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2000 Oct 22
+ -3:00 - BRT 2001 Sep 13
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2002 Oct 1
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# Bahia (BA)
+# There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead
+# of America/Salvador.
+Zone America/Bahia -2:34:04 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2003 Sep 24
+ -3:00 - BRT 2011 Oct 16
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 2012 Oct 21
+ -3:00 - BRT
+#
+# Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
+# Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
+# Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
+Zone America/Sao_Paulo -3:06:28 - LMT 1914
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT 1963 Oct 23 00:00
+ -3:00 1:00 BRST 1964
+ -3:00 Brazil BR%sT
+#
+# Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
+Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 - LMT 1914
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
+#
+# Mato Grosso (MT)
+Zone America/Cuiaba -3:44:20 - LMT 1914
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2003 Sep 24
+ -4:00 - AMT 2004 Oct 1
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT
+#
+# Rondonia (RO)
+Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 - LMT 1914
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -4:00 - AMT
+#
+# Roraima (RR)
+Zone America/Boa_Vista -4:02:40 - LMT 1914
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -4:00 - AMT 1999 Sep 30
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 2000 Oct 15
+ -4:00 - AMT
+#
+# east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
+# The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides
+# east from west Amazonas.
+Zone America/Manaus -4:00:04 - LMT 1914
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -4:00 - AMT 1993 Sep 28
+ -4:00 Brazil AM%sT 1994 Sep 22
+ -4:00 - AMT
+#
+# west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
+# Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
+Zone America/Eirunepe -4:39:28 - LMT 1914
+ -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -5:00 - ACT 1993 Sep 28
+ -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1994 Sep 22
+ -5:00 - ACT 2008 Jun 24 00:00
+ -4:00 - AMT
+#
+# Acre (AC)
+Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
+ -5:00 Brazil AC%sT 1988 Sep 12
+ -5:00 - ACT 2008 Jun 24 00:00
+ -4:00 - AMT
+
+# Chile
+
+# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
+# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
+# of October.... The law is the same for March and October.
+# (1998-09-29):
+# Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
+# DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
+# (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
+
+# From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
+# Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
+# on April 3, (one-time change).
+
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2006-10-08):
+# http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
+
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-08):
+# I think that there are some obvious mistakes in the suggested link
+# from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66 says that GMT-4
+# ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT-3 at 1990-09-15
+# (they should have been 1990-09-15 and 1990-09-16 respectively), but
+# anyhow it clears up some doubts too.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-12-27):
+# The following data for Chile and America/Santiago are from
+# <http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm> (2006-09-20), transcribed by
+# Jesper Norgaard Welen. The data for Pacific/Easter are from Shanks
+# & Pottenger, except with DST transitions after 1932 cloned from
+# America/Santiago. The pre-1980 Pacific/Easter data are dubious,
+# but we have no other source.
+
+# From German Poo-Caaman~o (2008-03-03):
+# Due to drought, Chile extends Daylight Time in three weeks. This
+# is one-time change (Saturday 3/29 at 24:00 for America/Santiago
+# and Saturday 3/29 at 22:00 for Pacific/Easter)
+# The Supreme Decree is located at
+# <a href="http://www.shoa.cl/servicios/supremo316.pdf">
+# http://www.shoa.cl/servicios/supremo316.pdf
+# </a>
+# and the instructions for 2008 are located in:
+# <a href="http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm">
+# http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
+# </a>.
+
+# From Jose Miguel Garrido (2008-03-05):
+# ...
+# You could see the announces of the change on
+# <a href="http://www.shoa.cl/noticias/2008/04hora/hora.htm">
+# http://www.shoa.cl/noticias/2008/04hora/hora.htm
+# </a>.
+
+# From Angel Chiang (2010-03-04):
+# Subject: DST in Chile exceptionally extended to 3 April due to earthquake
+# <a href="http://www.gobiernodechile.cl/viewNoticia.aspx?idArticulo=30098">
+# http://www.gobiernodechile.cl/viewNoticia.aspx?idArticulo=30098
+# </a>
+# (in Spanish, last paragraph).
+#
+# This is breaking news. There should be more information available later.
+
+# From Arthur Daivd Olson (2010-03-06):
+# Angel Chiang's message confirmed by Julio Pacheco; Julio provided a patch.
+
+# From Glenn Eychaner (2011-03-02): [geychaner@mac.com]
+# It appears that the Chilean government has decided to postpone the
+# change from summer time to winter time again, by three weeks to April
+# 2nd:
+# <a href="http://www.emol.com/noticias/nacional/detalle/detallenoticias.asp?idnoticia=467651">
+# http://www.emol.com/noticias/nacional/detalle/detallenoticias.asp?idnoticia=467651
+# </a>
+#
+# This is not yet reflected in the offical "cambio de hora" site, but
+# probably will be soon:
+# <a href="http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm">
+# http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
+# </a>
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2011-03-02):
+# The emol.com article mentions a water shortage as the cause of the
+# postponement, which may mean that it's not a permanent change.
+
+# From Glenn Eychaner (2011-03-28):
+# The article:
+# <a href="http://diario.elmercurio.com/2011/03/28/_portada/_portada/noticias/7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E.htm?id=3D{7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E}">
+# http://diario.elmercurio.com/2011/03/28/_portada/_portada/noticias/7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E.htm?id=3D{7565897A-CA86-49E6-9E03-660B21A4883E}
+# </a>
+#
+# In English:
+# Chile's clocks will go back an hour this year on the 7th of May instead
+# of this Saturday. They will go forward again the 3rd Saturday in
+# August, not in October as they have since 1968. This is a pilot plan
+# which will be reevaluated in 2012.
+
+# From Mauricio Parada (2012-02-22), translated by Glenn Eychaner (2012-02-23):
+# As stated in the website of the Chilean Energy Ministry
+# http://www.minenergia.cl/ministerio/noticias/generales/gobierno-anuncia-fechas-de-cambio-de.html
+# The Chilean Government has decided to postpone the entrance into winter time
+# (to leave DST) from March 11 2012 to April 28th 2012. The decision has not
+# been yet formalized but it will within the next days.
+# Quote from the website communication:
+#
+# 6. For the year 2012, the dates of entry into winter time will be as follows:
+# a. Saturday April 28, 2012, clocks should go back 60 minutes; that is, at
+# 23:59:59, instead of passing to 0:00, the time should be adjusted to be 23:00
+# of the same day.
+# b. Saturday, September 1, 2012, clocks should go forward 60 minutes; that is,
+# at 23:59:59, instead of passing to 0:00, the time should be adjusted to be
+# 01:00 on September 2.
+#
+# Note that...this is yet another "temporary" change that will be reevaluated
+# AGAIN in 2013.
+
+# NOTE: ChileAQ rules for Antarctic bases are stored separately in the
+# 'antarctica' file.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Chile 1927 1932 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Chile 1942 only - Jun 1 4:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1942 only - Aug 1 5:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1946 only - Jul 15 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1946 only - Sep 1 3:00u 0:00 -
+Rule Chile 1947 only - Apr 1 4:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1968 only - Nov 3 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1969 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1969 only - Nov 23 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1970 only - Mar 29 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1971 only - Mar 14 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1973 only - Sep 30 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1999 2010 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 2000 2007 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+# N.B.: the end of March 29 in Chile is March 30 in Universal time,
+# which is used below in specifying the transition.
+Rule Chile 2008 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 2009 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 2010 only - Apr Sun>=1 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 2011 only - May Sun>=2 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 2011 only - Aug Sun>=16 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 2012 only - Apr Sun>=23 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 2012 only - Sep Sun>=2 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 2013 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 2013 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
+# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Santiago -4:42:46 - LMT 1890
+ -4:42:46 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
+ -5:00 - CLT 1916 Jul 1 # Chile Time
+ -4:42:46 - SMT 1918 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time
+ -4:00 - CLT 1919 Jul 1 # Chile Time
+ -4:42:46 - SMT 1927 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time
+ -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1947 May 22 # Chile Time
+ -4:00 Chile CL%sT
+Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:44 - LMT 1890
+ -7:17:28 - EMT 1932 Sep # Easter Mean Time
+ -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 13 21:00 # Easter I Time
+ -6:00 Chile EAS%sT
+#
+# Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
+# Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio,
+# San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
+
+# Colombia
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule CO 1992 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule CO 1993 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
+ -4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
+ -5:00 CO CO%sT # Colombia Time
+# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
+# no information; probably like America/Bogota
+
+# Curacao
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
+# -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
+# Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
+# 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. The former is dubious, since S&P also say
+# Saba Island has been like Curacao.
+# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
+#
+# By July 2007 Curacao and St Maarten are planned to become
+# associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba;
+# Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the
+# Netherlands as Kingdom Islands. This won't affect their time zones
+# though, as far as we know.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
+ -4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# From Arthur David Olson (2011-06-15):
+# At least for now, use links for places with new iso3166 codes.
+# The name "Lower Prince's Quarter" is both longer than fourteen charaters
+# and contains an apostrophe; use "Lower_Princes" below.
+
+Link America/Curacao America/Lower_Princes # Sint Maarten
+Link America/Curacao America/Kralendijk # Bonaire, Sint Estatius and Saba
+
+# Ecuador
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-04):
+# Apparently Ecuador had a failed experiment with DST in 1992.
+# <http://midena.gov.ec/content/view/1261/208/> (2007-02-27) and
+# <http://www.hoy.com.ec/NoticiaNue.asp?row_id=249856> (2006-11-06) both
+# talk about "hora Sixto". Leave this alone for now, as we have no data.
+#
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Guayaquil -5:19:20 - LMT 1890
+ -5:14:00 - QMT 1931 # Quito Mean Time
+ -5:00 - ECT # Ecuador Time
+Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
+ -5:00 - ECT 1986
+ -6:00 - GALT # Galapagos Time
+
+# Falklands
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
+# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+
+# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
+# via Jesper Norgaard:
+# ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
+# April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
+# September. It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
+# am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
+# Sunday 1 September.
+
+# From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
+#
+# I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
+# time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998. Here is
+# what was said then:
+#
+# "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
+# did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
+# started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
+# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
+# personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
+# uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
+# it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
+# and started again on September 12/13th. I do not know what the rule
+# is, but can find out if you like. We do not change at the same time
+# as UK or Chile."
+#
+# I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
+# 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00". I think that this does
+# not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
+#
+# Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
+# Falklands do not use DST. I have found in my communications there
+# that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
+# West Falkland. Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
+# DST. Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
+# it. West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
+#
+# I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
+# which doesn't each year. She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
+# the list changes each year. She uses it to communicate to her
+# customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
+
+# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
+# For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
+# better info.
+
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-04-01):
+# The Falkland Islands will not turn back clocks this winter, but stay on
+# daylight saving time.
+#
+# One source:
+# <a href="http://www.falklandnews.com/public/story.cfm?get=5914&source=3">
+# http://www.falklandnews.com/public/story.cfm?get=5914&source=3
+# </a>
+#
+# We have gotten this confirmed by a clerk of the legislative assembly:
+# Normally the clocks revert to Local Mean Time (UTC/GMT -4 hours) on the
+# third Sunday of April at 0200hrs and advance to Summer Time (UTC/GMT -3
+# hours) on the first Sunday of September at 0200hrs.
+#
+# IMPORTANT NOTE: During 2011, on a trial basis, the Falkland Islands
+# will not revert to local mean time, but clocks will remain on Summer
+# time (UTC/GMT - 3 hours) throughout the whole of 2011. Any long term
+# change to local time following the trial period will be notified.
+#
+# From Andrew Newman (2012-02-24)
+# A letter from Justin McPhee, Chief Executive,
+# Cable & Wireless Falkland Islands (dated 2012-02-22)
+# states...
+# The current Atlantic/Stanley entry under South America expects the
+# clocks to go back to standard Falklands Time (FKT) on the 15th April.
+# The database entry states that in 2011 Stanley was staying on fixed
+# summer time on a trial basis only. FIG need to contact IANA and/or
+# the maintainers of the database to inform them we're adopting
+# the same policy this year and suggest recommendations for future years.
+#
+# For now we will assume permanent summer time for the Falklands
+# until advised differently (to apply for 2012 and beyond, after the 2011
+# experiment was apparently successful.)
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Falk 1937 1938 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1938 1942 - Mar Sun>=19 0:00 0 -
+Rule Falk 1939 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1940 1942 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1943 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Falk 1983 only - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1984 1985 - Apr lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Falk 1984 only - Sep 16 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1985 2000 - Sep Sun>=9 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Falk 1986 2000 - Apr Sun>=16 0:00 0 -
+Rule Falk 2001 2010 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 0 -
+Rule Falk 2001 2010 - Sep Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Atlantic/Stanley -3:51:24 - LMT 1890
+ -3:51:24 - SMT 1912 Mar 12 # Stanley Mean Time
+ -4:00 Falk FK%sT 1983 May # Falkland Is Time
+ -3:00 Falk FK%sT 1985 Sep 15
+ -4:00 Falk FK%sT 2010 Sep 5 02:00
+ -3:00 - FKST
+
+# French Guiana
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Cayenne -3:29:20 - LMT 1911 Jul
+ -4:00 - GFT 1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
+ -3:00 - GFT
+
+# Guyana
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
+ -3:45 - GBGT 1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
+ -3:45 - GYT 1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
+ -3:00 - GYT 1991
+# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00. Assume a 1991 switch.
+ -4:00 - GYT
+
+# Paraguay
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
+# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with pre-1999
+# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1975 1978 - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 1979 1991 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 1989 only - Oct 22 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1990 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1991 only - Oct 6 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1992 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 1992 only - Oct 5 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1993 only - Mar 31 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 1993 1995 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 1994 1995 - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
+# IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
+# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
+# (10-01).
+#
+# Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
+# <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
+# Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
+# </a>:
+# Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
+# fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power.... The time change
+# system has been operating for several years. Formerly there was a separate
+# decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently. Every
+# year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
+# clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
+#
+Rule Para 1996 2001 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
+# Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
+# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
+Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+# From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
+# A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
+# dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
+# April.
+Rule Para 2002 2004 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Para 2002 2003 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+#
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-01-02):
+# There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
+# a timezone rule change in autumn 2004.
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05):
+# Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05)
+# From Carlos Raul Perasso via Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-13)
+# <http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf>
+Rule Para 2004 2009 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 2005 2009 - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 -
+# From Carlos Raul Perasso (2010-02-18):
+# By decree number 3958 issued yesterday (
+# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.py/v1/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/decreto3958.pdf">
+# http://www.presidencia.gov.py/v1/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/decreto3958.pdf
+# </a>
+# )
+# Paraguay changes its DST schedule, postponing the March rule to April and
+# modifying the October date. The decree reads:
+# ...
+# Art. 1. It is hereby established that from the second Sunday of the month of
+# April of this year (2010), the official time is to be set back 60 minutes,
+# and that on the first Sunday of the month of October, it is to be set
+# forward 60 minutes, in all the territory of the Paraguayan Republic.
+# ...
+Rule Para 2010 max - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Para 2010 max - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 0 -
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
+ -3:50:40 - AMT 1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
+ -4:00 - PYT 1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
+ -3:00 - PYT 1974 Apr
+ -4:00 Para PY%sT
+
+# Peru
+#
+# <a href="news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net">
+# From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26):</a>
+# When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
+# sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987.
+
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Peru 1938 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Peru 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Peru 1939 1940 - Mar Sun>=24 0:00 0 -
+Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Lima -5:08:12 - LMT 1890
+ -5:08:36 - LMT 1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
+ -5:00 Peru PE%sT # Peru Time
+
+# South Georgia
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 - LMT 1890 # Grytviken
+ -2:00 - GST # South Georgia Time
+
+# South Sandwich Is
+# uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
+
+# Suriname
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Paramaribo -3:40:40 - LMT 1911
+ -3:40:52 - PMT 1935 # Paramaribo Mean Time
+ -3:40:36 - PMT 1945 Oct # The capital moved?
+ -3:30 - NEGT 1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
+ -3:30 - SRT 1984 Oct # Suriname Time
+ -3:00 - SRT
+
+# Trinidad and Tobago
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
+ -4:00 - AST
+
+# Uruguay
+# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
+# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
+# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
+# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
+Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
+# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
+# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
+# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1959 only - Nov 15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Jan 17 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1960 only - Mar 6 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1965 1967 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1965 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1966 1967 - Oct 31 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - May 27 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1968 1970 - Dec 2 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Apr 24 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1972 only - Aug 15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Mar 10 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1974 only - Dec 22 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1976 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1977 only - Dec 4 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1978 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1979 only - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1980 only - May 1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1987 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
+# Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
+# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
+Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
+Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1992 only - Oct 18 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 1993 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 -
+# From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20):
+# The uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time....
+# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/decretos/2004091502.htm
+Rule Uruguay 2004 only - Sep 19 0:00 1:00 S
+# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11):
+# Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to
+# save energy ... it was postponed two weeks....
+# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/noticias/2005/03/2005031005.htm
+Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Mar 27 2:00 0 -
+# From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27):
+# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_00001.PDF
+# This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at
+# 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
+Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 2006 only - Mar 12 2:00 0 -
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
+# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2006/09/CM%20210_08%2006%202006_00001.PDF
+Rule Uruguay 2006 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 0 -
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
+ -3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT
+ -3:30 Uruguay UY%sT 1942 Dec 14 # Uruguay Time
+ -3:00 Uruguay UY%sT
+
+# Venezuela
+#
+# From John Stainforth (2007-11-28):
+# ... the change for Venezuela originally expected for 2007-12-31 has
+# been brought forward to 2007-12-09. The official announcement was
+# published today in the "Gaceta Oficial de la Republica Bolivariana
+# de Venezuela, numero 38.819" (official document for all laws or
+# resolution publication)
+# http://www.globovision.com/news.php?nid=72208
+
+# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
+Zone America/Caracas -4:27:44 - LMT 1890
+ -4:27:40 - CMT 1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
+ -4:30 - VET 1965 # Venezuela Time
+ -4:00 - VET 2007 Dec 9 03:00
+ -4:30 - VET